Benchmark Editing Task Part 40

Likewise, the black and orange colors of monarch butterflies, in contrast to the foliage that is green and in which they surround, issue warnings to potential predators. Birds that foolishly prey on monarch butterflies will find themselves very ill from the toxins that monarch butterflies contain.

Some insects produce offensive smells and unique sounds to repel people and predators invading their spaces. Stinkbugs emit odors that can be sprayed several inches, linger for significant lengths of time, and smell similar to those produced by skunks. Bombardier beetles excrete clouds of foul-smelling chemicals that are fatal to other insects and can cause slight burns to humans. Madagascar cockroaches hiss when disturbed or alarmed, while rasping sounds that are audible even to humans are made by the wings of garden tiger moths. Recognizing insects’ defense mechanisms, which vary in appearance and differ from species to species, helps people identify which insects are harmful to humans and best avoided.